| Protons
for CNGS are accelerated through the existing chain of Linac, Booster, Proton Synchrotron
and Super-Synchrotron (SPS). The proton energy at extraction from the SPS to CNGS is 400
GeV. Examples of SPS supercycles during CNGS operation with other users are shown below. The
protons are extracted from the SPS with a fast kicker system in two batches (marked FE for
fast extraction) of 10.5 ms each, with 50 ms time between the two extractions. The
microstructure of the beam reflects the 200 MHz radiofrequency system of the SPS - each
batch will consist of a train of bunches interspaced by 5 ns, the length of a single bunch
is expected to be 2 - 3 ns.
The intensity circulating in the SPS per cycle can reach 4.8x1013
protons, thus about 2.4 x1013 protons per fast extraction can be
expected. Assuming an overall efficiency of 55% and a running time of 200 days per year in
a co-user mode (filling LHC, etc.), it is estimated that 4.5 x1019
protons can be delivered to the CNGS target per year. |
